Distribution Transformer Maintenance and Testing
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Distribution Transformer Maintenance and Testing Course
Introduction:
This course provides comprehensive coverage of power transformers and auxiliary equipment, encompassing theory, operation, maintenance, and testing. Key topics include transformer fundamentals, ratings, cooling systems, nitrogen gas systems, and insulation systems. Additionally, the course delves into detailed discussions on transformer testing techniques.
Intended for technicians and engineers seeking a solid understanding of power transformer operation and maintenance, this course equips participants with the knowledge of safe and proper maintenance and testing procedures for pad-mounted power transformers. It covers transformers used in commercial and industrial power distribution systems, including both oil and dry-type units. Furthermore, the course addresses larger power transformers employed in utility applications.
The course emphasizes maintenance activities related to load and no-load tap changers, as well as AC and DC testing. Routine inspections, oil sampling, and testing are thoroughly explained. Participants will gain proficiency in conducting routine oil tests and will acquire a comprehensive understanding of the major tests required for power transformers. Additionally, various electrical test equipment from different manufacturers will be discussed throughout the course.
Course Objectives:
Upon completion of this course, the participant should be able to:
- Explain the basic operation of a transformer.
- Discuss turns ratios and calculate terminal voltage and current.
- Discuss terminal markings and various single phase and three phase wiring schemes. (WYE vs DELTA).
- Explain how to perform a polarity test on a potential transformer.
- Discuss the electrical testing performed on transformers such as insulation resistance testing, excitation and power factor testing.
- Discuss the various tests performed on insulating oil.
Who Should Attend?
This course is applicable to engineers and technicians who need a sound understanding of power transformer operation and maintenance.
Course Outlines:
Transformer Principle
- Transformers
- Right Hand Rule
- Magnetic Flux
- Magnetic Induction
- Left Hand RuleTurns Ratio
- Transformer Losses
- Transformer Types
- Vector Diagrams
Operating Principles
- Operation Without Load
- Operation with Load
- Transformer Classifications
Service Classification
- Instrument Transformers
- Current
- Potential
- Transformer Construction (Construction)
Magnetizing Circuits
- Losses
- Hysteresis Loss
- Eddy-Current Loss
- Efficiency
- Cooling
- Air Cooled Oil-Immersed
- Water-Cooled
- Forced-Oil Cooling
- Self-Cooling with Air Blast
- Temperature Limits
- Transformer Loading
- Tap Changers
- No-Load Tap Changer
- Tap Changing Under Load
- Phase-Angle Control
- Transformer Connections
- Single Phase Circuits
- Two-Phase Circuits
- Three-Phase Circuits
- Transformer Maintenance
- Insulation Testing
- High Potential Testing
- Turns Ratio Testing
- Polarity Testing
- Power Factor
- Excitation Current
- DC Winding Resistance
- Polarization Recovery
- Insulating Fluid Dielectric
- Dissolved Gas Analysis
- Transformers and Relaying
- Transformer Faults
- Differential Relaying
- Normal Load
- External Faults
- Internal Faults