Engineering and Maintenance
Transformer Operation, Maintenance, Diagnosis and Testing
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Transformer Operation, Maintenance, Diagnosis and Testing Course
Introduction:
Course Objectives:
his course aims are to provide an understanding of the basic fundamentals and construction features of power and distribution transformers with particular reference to the design, testing, operation, and maintenance.
Delegates will gain a detailed appreciation of the following:
- Practical solutions for specifying, operation, and maintaining power transformers in a utility or plant environment
- Comprehensive understanding of principles, selection, testing and commissioning, protection, maintenance, and troubleshooting of distributing, and power transformers
- The necessary safe procedures relating to transformers operation and related circuitry
- Testing and maintenance of transformers
- How to care for your transformers.
Who Should Attend?
This course is designed for the following personnel:
- Engineers and Technicians from electricity supply industry
- Technical Management Professionals and Development Leaders
- Engineering Professionals from Companies manufacturing and operating power and distribution transformers
- Engineers and Technical Personnel in power utilities, petrochemical plants, service of professionals of large infrastructure projects
- Participants need no specific requirements other than basic understanding of electricity and magnetism and circuit theory and general knowledge of nature and operation of power and distribution transformers
Course Outlines:
Introduction, General Principles, and Classification
- General classification of Transformers: transformers: Construction, Core-Type, Shell-Type, Dry-type Transformers, Oil-filled Transformers, Cooling Techniques
- Transformer Windings, Interconnection of Windings, Advantages and Disadvantages of Principal Connection. Tertiary Windings , Autotransformers
- Harmonics in Transformers, Parallel Operation of Transformers, Loadings of Transformers in Parallel, Paralleling Requirements, Polarity
- Standards for Transformers, Types and Requirements
- Transformer Tappings and Connections.
- Ability to withstand Short Circuit, Sound Level
- Case studies and discussion
Transformer Constructional Details
- Transformer Oil, Characteristics, Oil Oxidation, Breakdown Voltage, Water Content, Acidity, Oil Testing, Dissolved Gas Analysis, Treatment and Filtering of Oil
- Effect of Oil Expansion, Breathing Action, Buchholz Relay, Explosion Vents
- Instrument Transformers
- Transformers for Industrial Applications: Electro-Chemical, Arc and Induction Furnaces, Rectifier Transformers, High Voltage Testing Transformers, Precipitator Transformers, Dry Type Transformers
- Construction and Details, Transformer Cooling, Forced Cooling
- Case studies and discussion
Transformer Features and Thermal Performance
- Thermal Performance and Cyclic Rating of Transformers. Temperature Indicators and alarms
- Transformer Impedance, Electromagnetic Forces
- Transformer Construction: Cores, Assembly
- Transformer Windings Construction: Coil Types, Disc Coils, Cross-over Coils, Concentric Coils, Sandwich Coils, Transpositions
- Transformer Tanks and Radiators, Tank Losses, Paint Treatments.
- Transformer Fittings: Lifting Lugs, Undercarriages Jacking Pads, Tie-Down Lugs, Bleed Pipes Thermometers
- Case studies and discussion
Transformer Operation and Maintenance
- Distribution Voltage Adjustment, Off-Load Tap Changing, On-Load Tap Changing
- Switching of high voltage underground cables supplying Distribution Transformers
- Earthing and Over-Current Protection of Distribution Transformer
- Transformer Maintenance: Oil reservation, Deterioration of oil, Breathers, Condition Monitoring, Faults in Transformers, Tapping and Windings
- Advanced Transformer Maintenance
- Guidelines on how to care for your Distribution Transformer
- Case studies and discussion
Transformer Testing
- Transformer Routine Tests
- Measurement of winding resistance
- Measurement of the voltage ratio
- Measurement of impedance voltage short-circuit impedance and load loss
- Measurement of No-load loss and current
- Insulation resistance
- Harmonics testing
- Separate source power frequency voltage withstand the test
- Induced overvoltage withstand the test
- Transformer Type Tests
- Temperature rise test
- Lightning impulse test
- Sound level
- Special tests: Transformer of Partial Discharge testing.
- Accuracy and Interpretation of test results and of test reports
- Open session for questions, answers, and case studies